;;; Upper CYC(R) Ontology flat-file ;;; Copyright Cycorp 1997. All rights reserved. ;;;Cycorp License Agreement ;;;Cycorp is providing this material from the Cyc(tm) Upper ;;;Ontology at no charge, for everyone to use, including ;;;commercial service use and incorporation into products. ;;;However, it is not 'Public Domain.' Please acknowledge ;;;Cycorp, 3721 Executive Center Dr., Austin, TX 78731 in ;;;any use or citation of this material, and request that each ;;;further user include a full copy of this notice as well, ;;;in any use or citation they make of the material. All ;;;these terms equally apply to renamings and other ;;;logically equivalent reformulations of the material in ;;;any natural or formal language. Cycorp intends to ;;;amend and expand the material from time to time; the ;;;latest version is available at http://www.cyc.com ;;; #$temporallyStartedBy (#$isa #$temporallyStartedBy #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$temporallyStartedBy #$ComplexTemporalRelation) (#$isa #$temporallyStartedBy #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$temporallyStartedBy #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$temporallyStartedBy #$temporallyCooriginating) (#$genlInverse #$temporallyStartedBy #$endsDuring) (#$arg1Isa #$temporallyStartedBy #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$temporallyStartedBy #$TemporalThing) (#$comment #$temporallyStartedBy "(#$temporallyStartedBy PERIOD START) means that PERIOD and START are #$temporallyCooriginating and that START ends within the bounds of PERIOD. That is, the #$startingPoint of PERIOD and START are the same #$TimePoint, and the #$endingPoint of START is no later than the #$endingPoint of PERIOD. Note: This Cyc temporal relation is equivalent to what James Allen dubbed the STARTEDBY relation. We liked his name better than the one we had been using, and so we renamed this predicate accordingly.") ;;; #$temporallySubsumes (#$isa #$temporallySubsumes #$ComplexTemporalRelation) (#$isa #$temporallySubsumes #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$temporallySubsumes #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$not (#$isa #$temporallySubsumes #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$temporallySubsumes #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$temporallySubsumes #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$genlPreds #$temporallySubsumes #$temporallyIntersects) (#$arg1Isa #$temporallySubsumes #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$temporallySubsumes #$TemporalThing) (#$comment #$temporallySubsumes "(#$temporallySubsumes ?X ?Y) means that all time points of ?Y are contained in ?X. This implies that ?Y doesn't start before ?X, and doesn't end after ?X. And if there's some time point or interval that ?X isn't happening, then neither is ?Y. Note: This relation is weaker than #$cotemporal, which can be thought of as requiring that ?X and ?Y #$temporallySubsumes each other. Note: This relation is a strictly temporal relationship between ?X and ?Y; it is weaker than #$subEvents, which can be thought of as requiring that ?X not only #$temporallySubsumes ?Y but also that ?Y is a `part' of ?X.") (#$synonymousExternalConcept #$temporallySubsumes #$SENSUS-Information1997 "TEMPORAL-INCLUSIVE") ;;; #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance (#$isa #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance #$TangibleSubstancePredicate) (#$isa #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$arg1Isa #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance #$TensileStrength) (#$comment #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance "(#$tensileStrengthOfSubstance OBJ DEGREE) indicates the relative force needed to deform the tangible OBJ. A higher DEGREE of #$TensileStrength indicates more force is required to deform the object.") ;;; #$termOfUnit (#$isa #$termOfUnit #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$termOfUnit #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$termOfUnit #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$termOfUnit #$ReifiableTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$termOfUnit #$CycSystemList) (#$comment #$termOfUnit "#$termOfUnit is an inference-related Cyc predicate which appears in system-generated assertions; #$termOfUnit represents a mapping between a non-atomic term (NAT) and a Cyc constant that was reified by the system especially for that NAT. Assertions with #$termOfUnit are created by the system when a certain kind of non-atomic term (NAT) first appears in a Cyc formula; such a NAT consists of a Cyc function that is an element of #$ReifiableFunction, together with the correct number and type of arguments. When such a NAT is first used in a formula, the Cyc system automatically creates a Cyc-constant data-structure to reify the NAT. A name is automatically assigned to the new constant (i.e., the data-structure) by the Cyc system; currently (1997), the system is using for most of those constant names a string which is identical to the NAT. One should not be misled by that into thinking that #$termOfUnit is a specialization of #$equals. The predicate #$termOfUnit maps between the system-generated data-structure and the original non-atomic term. (#$termOfUnit NAT-CONSTANT NAT-EXPRESSION) tells us that the constant data-structure NAT-CONSTANT was created to reify the value of the non-atomic term NAT-EXPRESSION. From now on, NAT-EXPRESSION will refer to the constant NAT-CONSTANT. Examples of non-atomic terms (NATs) include: (#$Giga #$DollarsPerYear), (#$RepairingFn #$Automobile), and (#$TheScriptFn #$WashingClothesInAMachine). See also #$NonPredicateFunction, #$ReifiableTerm. Note: #$termOfUnit assertions are entered in the #$BaseKB because the mapping between a NAT and the constant that was reified for it holds universally. One should view #$termOfUnit assertions as bits of bookkeeping knowledge which are very rarely, if ever, entered into the KB by hand.") ;;; #$terrainAttributes (#$isa #$terrainAttributes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$terrainAttributes #$hasAttributes) (#$arg1Isa #$terrainAttributes #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$terrainAttributes #$TerrainAttribute) (#$comment #$terrainAttributes "The predicate #$terrainAttributes is used to describe the type of terrain in a particular geographical region. (#$terrainAttributes REGION ATTRIB) means that #$GeographicalRegion REGION has the #$TerrainAttribute ATTRIB. For example, the #$Matterhorn-Mount has #$terrainAttributes, #$RuggedTerrain. ") ;;; #$territoriesControlled (#$not (#$isa #$territoriesControlled #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$territoriesControlled #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$territoriesControlled #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$isa #$territoriesControlled #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$territoriesControlled #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$territoriesControlled #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Isa #$territoriesControlled #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$territoriesControlled #$Agent) (#$comment #$territoriesControlled "(#$territoriesControlled ?REG1 ?REG2) means the ?REG2 is under the political control of ?REG1. This refers to actaul practical political control, not mere legal or unenforced territorial claims.") ;;; #$thereExistAtLeast (#$isa #$thereExistAtLeast #$Quantifier) (#$isa #$thereExistAtLeast #$Relationship) (#$arg1Isa #$thereExistAtLeast #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$thereExistAtLeast #$CycELVariable) (#$arg3Isa #$thereExistAtLeast #$CycFormula) (#$comment #$thereExistAtLeast "The predicate #$thereExistAtLeast is a specialized form of #$thereExists (q.v.). (#$thereExistAtLeast 5 X FORM) means that there are at least five distinct objects in the Cyc universe which, when substituted for the #$CycELVariable X in the #$CycFormula FORM, make FORM true. See #$thereExists for more information about existential quantification.") (#$resultIsa #$thereExistAtLeast #$CycFormula) ;;; #$thereExistAtMost (#$isa #$thereExistAtMost #$Quantifier) (#$isa #$thereExistAtMost #$Relationship) (#$arg1Isa #$thereExistAtMost #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$thereExistAtMost #$CycELVariable) (#$arg3Isa #$thereExistAtMost #$CycFormula) (#$comment #$thereExistAtMost "The predicate #$thereExistAtMost is a specialized form of #$thereExists (q.v.). (#$thereExistAtMost 5 X FORM) means that there are no more than five distinct objects in the (relevant) universe of discourse which, when substituted for the #$CycELVariable X in the #$CycFormula FORM, make FORM true. See #$thereExists for more information about existential quantification.") (#$resultIsa #$thereExistAtMost #$CycFormula) ;;; #$thereExistExactly (#$isa #$thereExistExactly #$Quantifier) (#$isa #$thereExistExactly #$Relationship) (#$arg1Isa #$thereExistExactly #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$thereExistExactly #$CycELVariable) (#$arg3Isa #$thereExistExactly #$CycFormula) (#$comment #$thereExistExactly "The predicate #$thereExistExactly is a specialized form of #$thereExists (q.v.). (#$thereExistExactly 5 X FORM) means that there are no more and no less than five distinct objects in the (relevant) universe of discourse which, when substituted for the #$CycELVariable X in the #$CycFormula FORM, make FORM true. See #$thereExists for more information about existential quantification.") (#$resultIsa #$thereExistExactly #$CycFormula) ;;; #$thereExists (#$isa #$thereExists #$Quantifier) (#$isa #$thereExists #$Relationship) (#$arg1Isa #$thereExists #$CycELVariable) (#$arg2Isa #$thereExists #$CycFormula) (#$comment #$thereExists "The predicate #$thereExists is Cyc's version of the existential quantifier of predicate calculus (i.e., the operator symbolized in one common notation by a backwards 'E'). As its two arguments, #$thereExists takes a variable (which is an element of #$CycELVariable) and an element of #$CycFormula, respectively. (#$thereExists VAR FORM) means that FORM is true in at least one case (and possibly more) in which all occurrences of the variable VAR in FORM are replaced by an object in the Cyc universe. For example, to say that every person has a mother, we could assert: (#$forAll ?X (#$implies (#$isa ?X #$Person) (#$thereExists ?Y (#$mother ?X ?Y)))). [Developer-level footnote: There are many `flavors' of quantification `on the market' these days; here is how the Cyc system currently handles axioms that involve #$thereExists: When processing an FI-ASK about whether (#$thereExists VAR FORM) is true or not, Cyc determines extensionally whether or not any known VAR (anything in the knowledge base) satisfies FORM (makes it true.) When processing an FI-PROVE about whether (#$thereExists VAR FORM) is true or not, Cyc tries to construct an intensional proof (at least at a default-true level) that there must exist some value of VAR --- which may or may not already be known in the KB -- for which FORM must be true. When processing an FI-ASSERT in which a user or program tells Cyc that (#$thereExists VAR FORM) is true, Cyc records the assertion intensionally so that it can later serve as part of an intensional proof, when some future FI-PROVE request is processed. It does this by creating a new #$SkolemFunction (q.v.). When modus ponens is used with a rule of the form (#$implies ANTECEDENT (#$thereExists VAR FORM)), and the formula ANTECEDENT is true, then Cyc will generate a new term for VAR, add that to its language, and assert that the new term satisfies FORM.]") (#$overlappingExternalConcept #$thereExists #$SENSUS-Information1997 "EXISTENCE") ;;; #$thermalConductivityOfObject (#$isa #$thermalConductivityOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$thermalConductivityOfObject #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$thermalConductivityOfObject #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$thermalConductivityOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$thermalConductivityOfObject #$ThermalConductivity) (#$comment #$thermalConductivityOfObject "(#$thermalConductivityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the #$ThermalConductivity attribute DEGREE. Objects with higher values of DEGREE conduct heat faster and better (i.e., with less heat loss) than those with a lower #$ThermalConductivity.") ;;; #$threeWayJunctionInSystem (#$isa #$threeWayJunctionInSystem #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$threeWayJunctionInSystem #$junctionInSystem) (#$arg1Isa #$threeWayJunctionInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$threeWayJunctionInSystem #$Thing) (#$comment #$threeWayJunctionInSystem "(#$threeWayJunctionInSystem JUNCT SYS) means that JUNCT is a 3-way junction in the specified #$PathSystem SYS. Formally, a 3-way junction in SYS is any point (actually, any node) X in SYS such that either there are exactly 3 links and no loops in SYS that X is on, or there are exactly 1 link and 1 loop in SYS that X is on. See #$junctionInSystem. When the junction is is simply a customary junction not based on a specified #$PathSystem, use #$ThreeWayJunctionOfPaths.") ;;; #$timeSlices (#$isa #$timeSlices #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$timeSlices #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$timeSlices #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$timeSlices #$temporallySubsumes) (#$genlPreds #$timeSlices #$parts) (#$arg1Isa #$timeSlices #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$timeSlices #$TemporalThing) (#$comment #$timeSlices "(#$timeSlices WHOLE PART) means that PART is one of the temporal decompositions of WHOLE. PART is part of WHOLE and is thus temporally included in WHOLE (see #$temporallySubsumes). There is no other part of WHOLE that happens at the same time but is not included in PART. Unlike #$subEvents, which can divide up an #$Event both in space and time, #$timeSlices divides up its first argument in time only. So #$timeSlices is more specialized than #$subEvents. On the other hand, it has broader application; #$timeSlices makes sense for any #$TemporalThing, not just #$Events; e.g., one can talk about year-long #$timeSlices of a rock.") ;;; #$titleOfPerson-String (#$isa #$titleOfPerson-String #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$titleOfPerson-String #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$titleOfPerson-String #$CharacterString) (#$comment #$titleOfPerson-String "(#$titleOfPerson-String PRSN STRNG) relates the #$Person PRSN to a #$CharacterString, STRNG, which is a word for a title PRSN has. E.g., (#$titleOfPerson-String #$Lenat ``Dr.''). A person may have more than one title, even cotemporally.") ;;; #$toLocation (#$isa #$toLocation #$ActorSlot) (#$genlPreds #$toLocation (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "SOURCE-DESTINATION")) (#$genlPreds #$toLocation #$postActors) (#$arg1Isa #$toLocation #$Translocation) (#$arg2Isa #$toLocation #$PartiallyTangible) (#$comment #$toLocation "The predicate #$toLocation is used to indicate the ending point of a particular movement. (#$toLocation MOVE LOC) means that LOC is where the #$objectMoving in MOVE (a #$Movement-TranslationEvent) is found when the event MOVE ends; the final location of the #$objectMoving in that event is LOC. The #$objectMoving may or may not be #$Stationary at LOC. If MOVE is a single-pathway translation (see #$Translation-SinglePath), then every #$objectMoving in it is found at LOC when MOVE ends. If MOVE has multiple movers and multiple pathways (see #$Translation-MultiPath), then at least some of the #$objectMoving(s) can be found at LOC at the end of MOVE. If MOVE is a fluid flow (see #$Translation-Flow), then at least some portion of the fluid #$objectMoving can be found at location LOC at the end of MOVE. See also #$pathway-Complete, #$pathConnects.") (#$synonymousExternalConcept #$toLocation #$SENSUS-Information1997 "DESTINATION") ;;; #$toOrientation (#$isa #$toOrientation #$Role) (#$isa #$toOrientation #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$toOrientation #$Movement-Rotation) (#$arg2Isa #$toOrientation #$OrientationAttribute) (#$comment #$toOrientation "This predicate indicates, for the particular rotational motion ROT, the orientation that the #$objectMoving in that event has after that motion. (#$toOrientation ROT ORIENT) means that when ROT ends, the object that moved in ROT has the final position ORIENT, with respect to the current frame of reference. Examples of orientations include: #$HorizontalOrientation, #$VerticalOrientation, #$UpSideDown. See also #$fromOrientation, #$OrientationAttribute.") ;;; #$toPossessor (#$isa #$toPossessor #$ProcessPredicate) (#$isa #$toPossessor #$ActorSlot) (#$genlPreds #$toPossessor #$postActors) (#$arg1Isa #$toPossessor #$GainingUserRights) (#$arg2Isa #$toPossessor #$Agent) (#$comment #$toPossessor "This predicate identifies an #$Agent who gains some right to use an object. (#$toPossessor GAIN AGENT) means that after the event GAIN (a #$GainingUserRights), AGENT enjoys some #$UserRightsAttribute over the #$objectOfPossessionTransfer which that agent did not have at the start of GAIN.") (#$synonymousExternalConcept #$toPossessor #$SENSUS-Information1997 "RECIPIENT") ;;; #$toState (#$isa #$toState #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$toState #$ChangingDeviceState) (#$arg2Isa #$toState #$DeviceState) (#$comment #$toState "This predicate is used in connection with #$ChangingDeviceState, to identify the #$DeviceState a device is in immediately after the change. (#$toState EVENT DEVICE-STATE) means that the new state of a device following the device state-changing action, EVENT, is the state DEVICE-STATE. For example, after any X which is a #$TurningOnAnElectricalSwitch, the switch involved has (#$toState X #$DeviceOn).") ;;; #$topicOfInfoTransfer (#$isa #$topicOfInfoTransfer #$Role) (#$isa #$topicOfInfoTransfer #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$topicOfInfoTransfer #$InformationTransferEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$topicOfInfoTransfer #$Thing) (#$comment #$topicOfInfoTransfer "The predicate #$topicOfInfoTransfer is used to indicate what a particular communication is about. (#$topicOfInfoTransfer TRANS TOPIC) means that TOPIC is a primary topic of the information communicated in the #$InformationTransferEvent TRANS. For example, a result reported after an instance of #$BloodTest will contain information about the #$objectTested (viz., the blood sample); the patient's blood is thus a #$topicOfInfoTransfer of that report.") ;;; #$totalDisplacement (#$isa #$totalDisplacement #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$arg1Isa #$totalDisplacement #$MovementProcess) (#$arg2Isa #$totalDisplacement #$Distance) (#$comment #$totalDisplacement "The accumulated total displacement along the trajectory at any point in time during the duration of the moving process") ;;; #$touches (#$isa #$touches #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$touches #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$touches #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$not (#$isa #$touches #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$genlPreds #$touches #$near) (#$genlInverse #$touches #$touches) (#$arg1Isa #$touches #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$touches #$SpatialThing) (#$comment #$touches "(#$touches THIS THAT) means that THIS and THAT are in contact, directly or indirectly. THIS #$touchesDirectly on THAT if and only if there is nothing between them. THIS #$touches THAT indirectly if there is some very thin object or substance between them. `Very thin' means that the distance between the surfaces of THIS and THAT is very much less than the distance between their center points. Some examples of #$touches: an airplane touches the air around it; my feet touch the floor (even though I am wearing shoes); a blanket touches the person sleeping under it (even if there is a sheet); a hovercraft touches the water (even though a cushion of air is between them). For cases where immediate surface contact needs to be indicated, use #$touchesDirectly (q.v.).") ;;; #$touchesDirectly (#$isa #$touchesDirectly #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$touchesDirectly #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate) (#$isa #$touchesDirectly #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$touchesDirectly #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$touchesDirectly #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$not (#$isa #$touchesDirectly #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$genlPreds #$touchesDirectly #$cotemporal) (#$genlPreds #$touchesDirectly #$touches) (#$genlInverse #$touchesDirectly #$touchesDirectly) (#$arg1Isa #$touchesDirectly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$touchesDirectly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$comment #$touchesDirectly "(#$touchesDirectly THIS THAT) means that THIS and THAT are in direct physical contact. That is, there exists a region on both objects where the distance between their surfaces is zero. If in doubt, use #$touches rather than #$touchesDirectly.") ;;; #$transferInSubEvent (#$isa #$transferInSubEvent #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transferInSubEvent #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transferInSubEvent #$Role) (#$genlPreds #$transferInSubEvent #$lastSubEvents) (#$arg1Isa #$transferInSubEvent #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$transferInSubEvent #$TransferIn) (#$comment #$transferInSubEvent "The Cyc predicate #$transferInSubEvent indicates the final stage of a particular #$GeneralizedTransfer in which the #$transferredThing reaches the destination. For example, (#$transferInSubEvent COMM LISTENING) means that LISTENING is the final stage (see #$lastSubEvents) of the #$CommunicationAct-Single COMM.") ;;; #$transferOutSubEvent (#$isa #$transferOutSubEvent #$Role) (#$isa #$transferOutSubEvent #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transferOutSubEvent #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transferOutSubEvent #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$transferOutSubEvent #$firstSubEvents) (#$arg1Isa #$transferOutSubEvent #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$transferOutSubEvent #$TransferOut) (#$comment #$transferOutSubEvent "The Cyc predicate #$transferOutSubEvent indicates the initial stage of a particular #$GeneralizedTransfer in which the #$transferredThing leaves the point of origin. For example, (#$transferOutSubEvent TRANSLOC EMISSION) means that EMISSION is the initial stage (see #$firstSubEvents) of the #$Translocation TRANSLOC. (The #$emitter in EMISSION is a #$fromLocation of TRANSLOC.)") ;;; #$transferredThing (#$isa #$transferredThing #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$transferredThing #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transferredThing #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$transferredThing #$preActors) (#$genlPreds #$transferredThing #$postActors) (#$arg1Isa #$transferredThing #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$transferredThing #$SomethingExisting) (#$comment #$transferredThing "The Cyc predicate #$transferredThing is used to identify the object whose external relationships change in some event considered generically as a `transfer'. (#$transferredThing TRANSFER OBJ) means that OBJ is being moved, transferred, exchanged, etc., in the #$GeneralizedTransfer event TRANSFER. In general, and if possible, it is preferable to use a more specialized instance of #$ActorSlot than #$transferredThing (e.g., #$objectMoving for physical transfer of an object; #$objectOfPossessionTransfer for an object that changes possession but not necessarily location; and so on).") ;;; #$transformedInto (#$isa #$transformedInto #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$not (#$isa #$transformedInto #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$isa #$transformedInto #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transformedInto #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$transformedInto #$Entity) (#$arg2Isa #$transformedInto #$Entity) (#$comment #$transformedInto "(#$transformedInto ?X ?Y) means that ?X stops existing at the instant that ?Y is created. Furthermore, the material which made up ?X when it ceased to exist will generally make up ?Y when it is created, which in turn implies things about the location of ?Y at that moment, etc.") ;;; #$transparencyOfObject (#$isa #$transparencyOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$transparencyOfObject #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$transparencyOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$transparencyOfObject #$Transparency) (#$comment #$transparencyOfObject "(#$transparencyOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has an intrinsic #$Transparency to light of the specified DEGREE. Higher values indicate that more light will pass through the substance and with less distortion.") ;;; #$transportees (#$isa #$transportees #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$transportees #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transportees #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$transportees #$objectMoving) (#$arg1Isa #$transportees #$TransportationEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$transportees #$PartiallyTangible) (#$comment #$transportees "The predicate #$transportees relates a translational motion event to the object which is transported by another one of the #$actors in that event. (#$transportees MOVE OBJ) means that some #$transporter facilitates the conveyance of OBJ in MOVE. For example, in a dumptruck driving event, the dirt in the back of the truck is a #$transportees. Any humans in the truck cab (or truck bed) during the trip are also #$transportees; however, a more precise role designation for humans riding in the truck would be either #$passengers or (for the driver) #$driverActor. See also the #$comments on #$TransportationEvent and #$transporter.") ;;; #$transporter (#$isa #$transporter #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$transporter #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$transporter #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$transporter #$objectMoving) (#$genlPreds #$transporter #$instrument-Generic) (#$genlPreds #$transporter #$constrainingObject) (#$arg1Isa #$transporter #$TransportationEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$transporter #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$comment #$transporter "This predicate relates, e.g., a sleigh-ride event to the sleigh being used to transport the people and goods. (#$transporter MOVE OBJ) means that OBJ enables or facilitates the conveyance of what is transported (the animals, goods, people, etc. that are the #$transportees) in the #$TransportationEvent MOVE. OBJ itself is an #$objectMoving in MOVE, so a catapult is not a #$transporter because it doesn't come with its victims. OBJ will generally hold, support, contain, etc. the #$transportees throughout the MOVE event. OBJ may or may not supply the motive force in the event MOVE; e.g., a child's wagon, a bicycle, a sleigh, and a paper bag can all be #$transporters. More examples are automobiles, wheelchairs, dogsleds, and parachutes. Carrier pigeons are transporters when performing the function for which they were bred; a horse is a #$transporter when it is being ridden but a #$providerOfMotiveForce when pulling a cart or plow or sleigh.Some cautions and refinements, however: (i) although automobiles are #$transporters, they should have the more specific role designation of #$vehicle (q.v.) because they are also #$SelfPoweredDevices. When your car is being towed by a towtruck, and you are riding along inside as it gets towed, then in that special case the car is just a #$transporter (of you) and the towtruck is the #$vehicle of that event. (ii) Another more specific role designation for some #$transporters -- those which are #$PhysicalDevices -- is #$deviceUsed (q.v.); e.g., the use of crutches in hobbling, ice skates in skating, and sneakers in walking. See also the #$comment on #$TransportationEvent. (iii) The organism locomoting in a #$LocomotionEvent may be a #$transporter if carrying something other than itself (#$CarryingWhileLocomoting qv.) . In other cases an organism may be a #$transportees, e.g. someone riding a bike or skating. Note that the organism must be the #$providerOfMotiveForce in these cases.") ;;; #$travelTime (#$isa #$travelTime #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$travelTime #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$travelTime #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Isa #$travelTime #$ScriptType) (#$arg3Genl #$travelTime #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$arg4Isa #$travelTime #$Time-Quantity) (#$comment #$travelTime "(#$travelTime OBJ1 OBJ2 MOVEMENT) means how long it would usually take the transported object to get from OBJ1 to OBJ2 in an event of type MOVEMENT.") ;;; #$unchangedActors (#$isa #$unchangedActors #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$unchangedActors #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$unchangedActors #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$unchangedActors #$preActors) (#$genlPreds #$unchangedActors #$postActors) (#$arg1Isa #$unchangedActors #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$unchangedActors #$PartiallyTangible) (#$comment #$unchangedActors "(#$unchangedActors EV OBJ) means that the object OBJ remains virtually unchanged by its participation in the event EV. This means that OBJ does not appreciably move, nor does it undergo some internal change in its properties, nor is it created or destroyed in the course of EV.") ;;; #$undergroundOf (#$not (#$isa #$undergroundOf #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$isa #$undergroundOf #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$undergroundOf #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$undergroundOf #$Place) (#$arg2Isa #$undergroundOf #$SpatialThing) (#$comment #$undergroundOf "(#$undergroundOf OBJ GROUND) means that OBJ is beneath the surface of ground and has the #$locationState #$Underground.") ;;; #$uniquePartTypes (#$isa #$uniquePartTypes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$uniquePartTypes #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Genl #$uniquePartTypes #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$uniquePartTypes #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg2Genl #$uniquePartTypes #$PartiallyTangible) (#$comment #$uniquePartTypes "(#$uniquePartTypes ?BIG ?SMALL) means that every instance of ?BIG has exactly one instance of ?SMALL as a part.") ;;; #$unitExpansions (#$isa #$unitExpansions #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$unitExpansions #$RelationshipPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$unitExpansions #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$arg2Isa #$unitExpansions #$CycSystemList) (#$comment #$unitExpansions "The Cyc predicate #$unitExpansions is used to express the relationship between a derived unit of measurement and the units from which it is derived, e.g., miles per second from miles and seconds. (#$unitExpansions UNIT FACTOR-LIST) means that UNIT is derived from the factors on the list UNIT-FACTOR. UNIT-FACTOR is an instance of #$CycSystemList. There are two kinds of items in the UNIT-FACTOR list: (1) all items except the last are themselves lists that consist of an element of #$UnitOfMeasure followed by an exponent for that unit; (2) the last element is the constant multiplier. Some examples: (#$unitExpansions #$MilesPerHour (((#$Mile 1)(#$HoursDuration -1)) 1), (#$unitExpansions #$SpeedOfLight (((#$Mile 1)(#$SecondsDuration -1)) 186000)), (#$unitExpansions #$MetersPerSecondPerSecond (((#$Meter 1)(#$SecondsDuration -2)) 1).") ;;; #$unitMultiplicationFactor (#$isa #$unitMultiplicationFactor #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$unitMultiplicationFactor #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$unitMultiplicationFactor #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$arg2Isa #$unitMultiplicationFactor #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$arg3Isa #$unitMultiplicationFactor #$RealNumber) (#$comment #$unitMultiplicationFactor "(#$unitMultiplicationFactor UNIT1 UNIT2 NUM) means that the conversion factor between quantities specified in units of UNIT1 and quantities specified in terms of UNIT2 is NUM. For example, (#$unitMultiplicationFactor #$Inch #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 12). UNIT1 and UNIT2 must belong to the same #$InterconvertibleUnitType. #$unitMultiplicationFactor is a simplified version of #$unitConversions which can be used when a multiplicative scaling relation exists between the two units.") ;;; #$upAxisPoints (#$isa #$upAxisPoints #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$upAxisPoints #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$upAxisPoints #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$upAxisPoints #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$comment #$upAxisPoints "(#$upAxisPoints OBJ DIR) means OBJ's intrinsic up-axis points in the direction DIR. An object has an intrinsic up-axis only if it has an intrisic top by virtue of its design or function. People, rockets, cars, and cups are examples of objects with intrinsic tops. A sphere has no intrinsic top, due to its symmetry. If an object with an intrinsic up-axis, OBJ, is on its side, one asserts (#$upAxisPoints OBJ #$HorizontalDirection). If OBJ is upside-down, one asserts (#$upAxisPoints OBJ #$Down-Directly) or (#$upAxisPoints OBJ #$Down-Generally), depending on how precise one wishes to be.") ;;; #$urgeSatisfied (#$isa #$urgeSatisfied #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$urgeSatisfied #$PhysicalEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$urgeSatisfied #$PhysicalUrgeType) (#$arg2Genl #$urgeSatisfied #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$comment #$urgeSatisfied "(#$urgeSatisfied EVT URGETYPE) means that the sensory event EVT satisfies an instance of a physical urge of type URGETYPE. Use the predicate, #$urgeTypeSatisfied, to stateg rules about what sorts of actions relieve what sorts of urges. E.g., scratching relieves an #$UrgeToScratch.") ;;; #$urgeTypeSatisfied (#$isa #$urgeTypeSatisfied #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$urgeTypeSatisfied #$ScriptType) (#$arg1Genl #$urgeTypeSatisfied #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg2Isa #$urgeTypeSatisfied #$PhysicalUrgeType) (#$arg2Genl #$urgeTypeSatisfied #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$comment #$urgeTypeSatisfied "The urge of type arg2 is satisfied in the event of type arg1.") ;;; #$userRightsRelation (#$isa #$userRightsRelation #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$userRightsRelation #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$userRightsRelation #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg3Isa #$userRightsRelation #$UserRightsAttribute) (#$comment #$userRightsRelation "This predicate relates an agent to the use rights which that agent has over an object. (#$userRightsRelation AGENT OBJECT URA) means that AGENT enjoys the #$UserRightsAttribute URA over OBJECT. For example, if AGENT owns OBJECT, then AGENT has #$FullUseRights over it. E.g., (#$userRightsRelation DonaldTrump TrumpCastleCasino #$FullUseRights) stopped being true when he went into debt. See also #$UserRightsAttribute.") ;;; #$usesCommConventionForInfo (#$isa #$usesCommConventionForInfo #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$usesCommConventionForInfo #$AbstractInformation) (#$arg2Isa #$usesCommConventionForInfo #$CommunicationConvention) (#$arg3Isa #$usesCommConventionForInfo #$InformationBearingThing) (#$comment #$usesCommConventionForInfo "(#$usesCommConventionForInfo INFO CC IBT) means that the #$InformationBearingThing IBT contains the information INFO, and INFO was encoded using the #$CommunicationConvention CC. INFO need not be propositional (see also #$PropositionalInformationThing).") ;;; #$vehicle (#$isa #$vehicle #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$vehicle #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$vehicle #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$vehicle #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$vehicle #$deviceUsed) (#$genlPreds #$vehicle #$transporter) (#$genlPreds #$vehicle #$providerOfMotiveForce) (#$arg1Isa #$vehicle (#$TransportViaFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle)) (#$arg2Isa #$vehicle #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$comment #$vehicle "(#$vehicle EVENT VEHICLE) means that VEHICLE is a #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle which is both the #$providerOfMotiveForce and the #$transporter in EVENT. If an object is a #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle and plays the role of #$transporter in some moving event, then it generally will play the role of #$vehicle in that event. Examples: a car plays the role of #$vehicle in driving. Note, however, that a bicycle does not play the role of #$vehicle in bike riding since it is not a provider of motive force. A borderline non-example is someone sitting in their car while it's being pulled by a towtruck; their car is not playing the role of #$vehicle in that event.") ;;; #$victim (#$isa #$victim #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$victim #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$victim #$ActorSlot) (#$genlPreds #$victim #$maleficiary) (#$genlPreds #$victim #$damages) (#$arg1Isa #$victim #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$victim #$SocialBeing) (#$comment #$victim "The #$Agent(s) most directly harmed by this possibly criminal act. In so-called victimless crimes, some would consider the state to be the victim, but we will not follow that convention here.") ;;; #$viscosityOfSubstance (#$isa #$viscosityOfSubstance #$TangibleSubstancePredicate) (#$isa #$viscosityOfSubstance #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$viscosityOfSubstance #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$viscosityOfSubstance #$LiquidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$viscosityOfSubstance #$Viscosity) (#$comment #$viscosityOfSubstance "(#$viscosityOfSubstance LIQ VISC) means that the #$LiquidTangibleThing LIQ has the #$Viscosity VISC.") ;;; #$visuallyDepicts (#$not (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$not (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$isa #$visuallyDepicts #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$visuallyDepicts #$VisualInformationSource) (#$arg2Isa #$visuallyDepicts #$SpatialThing) (#$comment #$visuallyDepicts "(#$visuallyDepicts ?IBT ?OBJ) means the object ?OBJ is depicted by the visual information source ?IBT.") ;;; #$volatilityOfSubstance (#$isa #$volatilityOfSubstance #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$isa #$volatilityOfSubstance #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$volatilityOfSubstance #$TangibleSubstancePredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$volatilityOfSubstance #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$volatilityOfSubstance #$Volatility) (#$comment #$volatilityOfSubstance "(#$volatilityOfSubstance SUBST DEGREE) indicates how volatile SUBST is. Objects with a higher DEGREE of #$Volatility evaporate more readily than objects with a lower DEGREE.") ;;; #$volitionalCause-RST (#$isa #$volitionalCause-RST #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$volitionalCause-RST #$RSTRelation) (#$arg1Isa #$volitionalCause-RST #$LinguisticObject) (#$comment #$volitionalCause-RST "The discourse relation that holds between two segments of text when ARG2 specifies something which could be a cause of the volitional action described in ARG1.") (#$synonymousExternalConcept #$volitionalCause-RST #$SENSUS-Information1997 "RST-VOLITIONAL-CAUSE") ;;; #$volumeContained (#$isa #$volumeContained #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$arg1Isa #$volumeContained #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$volumeContained #$Volume) (#$comment #$volumeContained "Indicates the total volume enclosed by a given container. (#$volumeContained ?CONT ?VOL) means that the total available volume of ?CONT is ?VOL.") ;;; #$volumeOfObject (#$isa #$volumeOfObject #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$genlPreds #$volumeOfObject (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "SIZE-PROPERTY-ASCRIPTION")) (#$arg1Isa #$volumeOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$volumeOfObject #$Volume) (#$comment #$volumeOfObject "(#$volumeOfObject OBJ VOL) means that the #$TangibleThing OBJ has the #$Volume VOL.") ;;; #$wasteProducts (#$isa #$wasteProducts #$ActorSlot) (#$genlPreds #$wasteProducts #$byProducts) (#$arg1Isa #$wasteProducts #$CreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$wasteProducts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$comment #$wasteProducts "(#$wasteProducts EV OBJ) means that OBJ is one of the by-products of EV which is disposed of, rather than used or sold.") ;;; #$waterSolubility (#$isa #$waterSolubility #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$waterSolubility #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$waterSolubility #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$waterSolubility #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$waterSolubility #$Solubility) (#$comment #$waterSolubility "(#$waterSolubility OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Solubility in water. A higher value of DEGREE indicates that a substance dissolves more readily and completely than one with a lower solubility.") ;;; #$waveSource (#$isa #$waveSource #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$waveSource #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$waveSource #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg3Isa #$waveSource #$WavePropagationType) (#$arg3Genl #$waveSource #$WavePropagation) (#$comment #$waveSource "The predicate #$waveSource is used to indicate that a type of wave is travelling between a source and a reception point. (#$waveSource SOURCE ENDPOINT WAVETYPE) means that there is a #$WavePropagation of type WAVETYPE propagating between the #$fromLocation SOURCE and the #$toLocation ENDPOINT. For example, (#$waveSource VoiceOfAmerica-Seoul #$CityOfBeijingChina #$RadioWave).") ;;; #$waveSource-Direct (#$isa #$waveSource-Direct #$TernaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$waveSource-Direct #$waveSource) (#$arg1Isa #$waveSource-Direct #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$waveSource-Direct #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg3Isa #$waveSource-Direct #$WavePropagationType) (#$arg3Genl #$waveSource-Direct #$WavePropagation) (#$comment #$waveSource-Direct "The predicate #$waveSource-Direct is used to indicate that there is a wave propagation of some type directly between two points. (#$waveSource-Direct SOURCE ENDPOINT WAVETYPE) means that there is a #$WavePropagation of type WAVETYPE between the #$fromLocation SOURCE and the #$toLocation ENDPOINT, and the propagation is direct in the sense that there are no significant diffusion or reflection subevents of that #$WavePropagation.") ;;; #$wavelength (#$isa #$wavelength #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$wavelength #$WavePropagation) (#$arg2Isa #$wavelength #$Distance) (#$comment #$wavelength "(#$wavelength WAVE LENGTH) means that the #$WavePropagation WAVE consists of waves having the length LENGTH. LENGTH is a #$Distance measuring one complete wave in a #$WavePropagation event.") ;;; #$wearer (#$isa #$wearer #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$wearer #$Role) (#$arg1Isa #$wearer #$WearingSomething) (#$arg2Isa #$wearer #$Animal) (#$comment #$wearer "The predicate #$wearer is used to indicate an individual who is wearing some article of clothing (or other wearable item) in a particular situation. (#$wearer WEARING ANIMAL) means that ANIMAL is the wearer during WEARING, an element of #$WearingSomething (q.v.).") ;;; #$wearsClothing (#$isa #$wearsClothing #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$genlPreds #$wearsClothing #$owns) (#$genlPreds #$wearsClothing #$cotemporal) (#$genlInverse #$wearsClothing #$in-ContGeneric) (#$arg1Isa #$wearsClothing #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$wearsClothing #$SomethingToWear) (#$comment #$wearsClothing "(#$wearsClothing ANIMAL ITEM) means that ANIMAL is wearing ITEM, an element of #$SomethingToWear. The first argument of #$wearsClothing is loosely constrained (by #$PartiallyTangible), so that this predicate may be used to describe mannequins, animals, and other individuals (of whatever kinds) that might wear clothes, as well as humans; however, by default Cyc assumes that an individual who #$wearsClothing is an element of #$Person. See also #$wornOn, which relates the item worn to the body part on which it is worn.") ;;; #$weatherAttributes (#$isa #$weatherAttributes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$weatherAttributes #$hasAttributes) (#$arg1Isa #$weatherAttributes #$OutdoorLocation) (#$arg2Isa #$weatherAttributes #$WeatherAttribute) (#$comment #$weatherAttributes "The predicate #$weatherAttributes is used to describe the weather at a particular outdoor location. (#$weatherAttributes LOC WEATHER) means that the #$OutdoorLocation LOC has the #$WeatherAttribute WEATHER. For example, to say that it's snowy in Lake Tahoe, we would say: (#$weatherAttributes #$LakeTahoe #$Snowy). See also #$WeatherAttribute.") ;;; #$widthOfObject (#$isa #$widthOfObject #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$widthOfObject #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$widthOfObject #$Distance) (#$comment #$widthOfObject "(#$widthOfObject OBJ WIDTH) means that the #$Distance across OBJ from one side boundary to the opposite side boundary is WIDTH. Side boundaries are roughly perpendicular to the top and bottom of the object. Note that some objects have an intrinsic default orientation (i.e., a top and bottom); for others, orientation is determined only in relation to the environment.") ;;; #$windowHasCovering (#$isa #$windowHasCovering #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$windowHasCovering #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$genlPreds #$windowHasCovering #$portalHasCovering) (#$arg1Isa #$windowHasCovering #$WindowPortal) (#$arg2Isa #$windowHasCovering #$WindowThePortalCovering) (#$comment #$windowHasCovering "A restriction of #$portalHasCovering. This predicate can take as it's arg1 any instance of #$WindowPortal, eg., a car window, or a window in a #$ModernHumanResidence.") ;;; #$worksWith (#$not (#$isa #$worksWith #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate)) (#$isa #$worksWith #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$worksWith #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$worksWith #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$genlPreds #$worksWith #$cotemporal) (#$genlInverse #$worksWith #$worksWith) (#$arg1Isa #$worksWith #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$worksWith #$Agent) (#$comment #$worksWith "The predicate #$worksWith relates two agents who in some way work together. The two #$Agents may be people or organizations. (#$worksWith AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT1 and AGENT2 work together or cooperate in some activity for mutual benefit. They may or may not work for the same employer. Some types of relationships that provide a basis for assertions using #$worksWith include: coworkers in a company, an employee and his boss, organizations affiliated in some endeavor, a professional and her client, professionals and their representatives. Examples: a research organization #$worksWith its shareholding companies; a #$Novelist #$worksWith his or her #$PublishingCompany; an #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional #$worksWith his or her agent (i.e., #$ArtistOrEntertainerRepresentative).") ;;; #$wornOn (#$isa #$wornOn #$InterActorSlot) (#$genlPreds #$wornOn #$supportedBy) (#$genlPreds #$wornOn #$touches) (#$arg1Isa #$wornOn #$SomethingToWear) (#$arg2Isa #$wornOn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$comment #$wornOn "The predicate #$wornOn is used to describe on what part of an individual's body a particular device or garment is worn. (#$wornOn ITEM BODYPART) means that ITEM is being worn on the body part BODYPART. #$wornOn can apply to human or animal wearers, and the items worn can include clothing, jewelry, medical devices, harnesses, carrying devices, wigs--basically, anything which can be attached to or borne upon a body part without intentionally holding or carrying it. See #$SomethingToWear for its subsets of things that can be worn. See also #$wearsClothing, which relates the wearer, rather than the body part, to the item worn.") ;;; #$xor (#$isa #$xor #$ELRelation) (#$isa #$xor #$CommutativeRelation) (#$arg1Isa #$xor #$CycFormula) (#$arg2Isa #$xor #$CycFormula) (#$comment #$xor "The logical connective #$xor represents exclusive-or. #$xor takes two arguments, each of which must be an element of CycFormula. (#$xor FORMULA-1 FORMULA-2) means that formula FORMULA-1 is true precisely when formula FORMULA-2 is false; in other words, one but not both of FORMULA-1 and FORMULA-2 is true. An EL formula that mentions #$xor is translated during canonicalization into an equivalent (though less compact) formula that mentions #$or, #$and, and #$not and does not mention #$xor (see the expansion gaf for #$xor).") ;;; (#$MediumAmountFn #$CorrosionResistance) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$CorrosionResistance) #$CorrosionResistance) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$CorrosionResistance) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Porosity) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Porosity) #$Porosity) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Porosity) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$HighAmountFn #$Elasticity) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$Elasticity) #$Elasticity) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$Elasticity) #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment (#$HighAmountFn #$Elasticity) "completely re-expands almost instantly after compression") ;;; (#$TheCovering #$TransferIn #$TransferOut) (#$isa (#$TheCovering #$TransferIn #$TransferOut) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$LiquidFn #$Water) (#$isa (#$LiquidFn #$Water) #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$genls (#$LiquidFn #$Water) #$Water) (#$genls (#$LiquidFn #$Water) #$LiquidTangibleThing) ;;; (#$TheCovering #$OrganizationalTransferIn #$OrganizationalTransferOut) (#$isa (#$TheCovering #$OrganizationalTransferIn #$OrganizationalTransferOut) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) #$ScriptType) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) #$TransportationEvent) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) (#$TransportViaFn #$TransportationDevice)) (#$comment (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) "A collection of events. An instance of (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice) is a transportation event in which a #$vehicle designed to travel through the atmosphere or outer space is used. Examples include instances of the would-be collections hang gliding, airplane tranportation, flying the space shuttle, hot air ballon transport. Note: This collection does not include #$Flying-FlappingWings, which is what birds do.") ;;; (#$SolidFn #$Water) (#$isa (#$SolidFn #$Water) #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$genls (#$SolidFn #$Water) #$Water) (#$genls (#$SolidFn #$Water) #$SolidTangibleThing) ;;; (#$LowAmountFn #$Ductility) (#$isa (#$LowAmountFn #$Ductility) #$Ductility) (#$isa (#$LowAmountFn #$Ductility) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$TransportFn #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$isa (#$TransportFn #$SolidTangibleThing) #$ScriptType) (#$genls (#$TransportFn #$SolidTangibleThing) #$TransportingGoods) ;;; (#$MediumAmountFn #$Raininess) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$Raininess) #$Raininess) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$Raininess) #$ScalarInterval) (#$genlAttributes (#$MediumAmountFn #$Raininess) #$Rainy) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LESS-THAN-COMPARISON") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LESS-THAN-COMPARISON") #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LESS-THAN-COMPARISON") #$Thing) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "OWNED-BY") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "OWNED-BY") #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "OWNED-BY") #$Thing) ;;; (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$ShearStrength) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$ShearStrength) #$ShearStrength) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$ShearStrength) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$SolidFn #$Plastic) (#$isa (#$SolidFn #$Plastic) #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$genls (#$SolidFn #$Plastic) #$Plastic) (#$genls (#$SolidFn #$Plastic) #$SolidTangibleThing) ;;; (#$TransportFn #$SemiSolidTangibleThing) (#$isa (#$TransportFn #$SemiSolidTangibleThing) #$ScriptType) (#$genls (#$TransportFn #$SemiSolidTangibleThing) #$TransportingGoods) ;;; (#$LowAmountFn #$Rigidity) (#$isa (#$LowAmountFn #$Rigidity) #$Rigidity) (#$isa (#$LowAmountFn #$Rigidity) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$ThePartition #$Invertebrate #$Vertebrate) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$Invertebrate #$Vertebrate) #$DisjointSetOrCollection) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$Invertebrate #$Vertebrate) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$HighAmountFn #$Visibility) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$Visibility) #$Visibility) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$Visibility) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NOTCONTAINED") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NOTCONTAINED") #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NOTCONTAINED") #$Thing) ;;; (#$TransportViaFn #$Device-UserPowered) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$Device-UserPowered) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$Device-UserPowered) #$ScriptType) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Device-UserPowered) #$TransportationEvent) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Device-UserPowered) #$Exercising) ;;; (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) #$ScriptType) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) #$TransportationEvent) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) (#$TransportViaFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle)) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) (#$TransportViaFn #$LandTransportationDevice)) (#$comment (#$TransportViaFn #$RoadVehicle) "The collection of transportion events in which a (more or less conventional) road vehicle (see #$RoadVehicle) is the transportation device (see #$transporter and #$vehicle).") ;;; (#$MediumAmountFn #$Porosity) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$Porosity) #$Porosity) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$Porosity) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$WaveEmissionFn #$AudibleSound) (#$isa (#$WaveEmissionFn #$AudibleSound) #$ScriptType) (#$isa (#$WaveEmissionFn #$AudibleSound) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$genls (#$WaveEmissionFn #$AudibleSound) #$EmittingAWave) ;;; (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) #$ScriptType) (#$isa (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) #$TransportationEvent) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) (#$TransportViaFn #$TransportationDevice)) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) (#$TransportViaFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle)) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) (#$TransportViaFn #$LandTransportationDevice)) (#$genls (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice) (#$TransportViaFn #$Train-TransportationDevice)) ;;; (#$VeryHighAmountFn #$Flammability) (#$isa (#$VeryHighAmountFn #$Flammability) #$Flammability) (#$isa (#$VeryHighAmountFn #$Flammability) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$MediumAmountFn #$ShearStrength) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$ShearStrength) #$ShearStrength) (#$isa (#$MediumAmountFn #$ShearStrength) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "ADDRESSEE-ORIENTED-VERBAL-PROCESS") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "ADDRESSEE-ORIENTED-VERBAL-PROCESS") #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "ADDRESSEE-ORIENTED-VERBAL-PROCESS") #$ScriptType) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "ADDRESSEE-ORIENTED-VERBAL-PROCESS") #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "ADDRESSEE-ORIENTED-VERBAL-PROCESS") #$Thing) (#$genls (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "ADDRESSEE-ORIENTED-VERBAL-PROCESS") #$Communicating) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "GAS-MATERIAL") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "GAS-MATERIAL") #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "GAS-MATERIAL") #$Thing) ;;; (#$MobFn #$Particle) (#$isa (#$MobFn #$Particle) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MobFn #$Particle) #$ExistingStuffType) (#$genls (#$MobFn #$Particle) #$Mob) ;;; (#$NoAmountFn #$Porosity) (#$isa (#$NoAmountFn #$Porosity) #$Porosity) (#$isa (#$NoAmountFn #$Porosity) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LIQUID-MATERIAL") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LIQUID-MATERIAL") #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LIQUID-MATERIAL") #$Thing) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NON-DIRECTED-ACTION") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NON-DIRECTED-ACTION") #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NON-DIRECTED-ACTION") #$Thing) (#$genls (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "NON-DIRECTED-ACTION") #$PhysicalEvent) ;;; (#$HighAmountFn #$TensileStrength) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$TensileStrength) #$TensileStrength) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$TensileStrength) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Ductility) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Ductility) #$Ductility) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Ductility) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$ThePartition #$NonLeapYear #$LeapYear) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$NonLeapYear #$LeapYear) #$DisjointSetOrCollection) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$NonLeapYear #$LeapYear) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$ThePartition #$AdultAnimal #$JuvenileAnimal) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$AdultAnimal #$JuvenileAnimal) #$DisjointSetOrCollection) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$AdultAnimal #$JuvenileAnimal) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Rigidity) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Rigidity) #$Rigidity) (#$isa (#$VeryLowAmountFn #$Rigidity) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$NoAmountFn #$Volatility) (#$isa (#$NoAmountFn #$Volatility) #$Volatility) (#$isa (#$NoAmountFn #$Volatility) #$ScalarInterval) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "CAUSAL-RELATION") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "CAUSAL-RELATION") #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "CAUSAL-RELATION") #$Thing) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "PHYSICAL-MATERIAL") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "PHYSICAL-MATERIAL") #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "PHYSICAL-MATERIAL") #$Thing) ;;; (#$ThePartition #$NonPoweredDevice #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$NonPoweredDevice #$PoweredDevice) #$DisjointSetOrCollection) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$NonPoweredDevice #$PoweredDevice) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LANGUAGE-RELATED-OBJECT") (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LANGUAGE-RELATED-OBJECT") #$Collection) (#$isa (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LANGUAGE-RELATED-OBJECT") #$Thing) (#$genls (#$MeaningInSystemFn #$SENSUS-Information1997 "LANGUAGE-RELATED-OBJECT") #$CommunicationConvention) ;;; (#$JuvenileFn #$Person) (#$isa (#$JuvenileFn #$Person) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$genls (#$JuvenileFn #$Person) #$Person) (#$genls (#$JuvenileFn #$Person) #$JuvenileAnimal) ;;; (#$HighAmountFn #$Compressibility) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$Compressibility) #$Compressibility) (#$isa (#$HighAmountFn #$Compressibility) #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment (#$HighAmountFn #$Compressibility) "Can be compressed almost any amount") ;;; (#$ThePartition #$Artifact #$InanimateThing-Natural) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$Artifact #$InanimateThing-Natural) #$DisjointSetOrCollection) (#$isa (#$ThePartition #$Artifact #$InanimateThing-Natural) #$Set-Mathematical) ;;; (#$VeryHighAmountFn #$Hardness) (#$isa (#$VeryHighAmountFn #$Hardness) #$Hardness) (#$isa (#$VeryHighAmountFn #$Hardness) #$ScalarInterval)